The Wage Gap Between Men And Women Essay - 1507 Words

It is a known fact that women faced inequality in the past, however, it is arguable whether they still face inequality today. When bringing statistics to the table, there is a wage gap between men and women. This is caused by many things. For one, women have tended to exceed men when it comes to education. However, men still tend to receive better jobs with higher pay. This is because gender inequality. There is also inequality inside of the work place. Men tend to receive more promotional opportunities and higher advancement opportunities than women. This is mainly because of gender roles and stereo types. It is perceived that women should not be in the work place. Instead they should be at home cooking and caring for the family. Even if women do not stay at home they are expected to take up jobs that consist of caregiving and low advancement opportunities. In some instances, women are expected to take care of the kids at home and still work at their caregiving jobs. Overall, the la ck of equality because of stereo types and gender roles will result into poverty for women. It is an obvious fact that women tend to exceed men when it comes to education. â€Å"In the united states girls tend to finish high school at a higher rate than boys, a trend that persist across racial and ethnic. In the past two decades, men have been less likely than women to enroll in college directly after high school, which correlates positively with college enrollment.† (Caliendo 156) WhatShow MoreRelatedThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women1552 Words   |  7 Pagesearned by men, which means a wage gap of twenty-two percent. Women are nearly half of the labor pool and are equal if not main, jobholder s in four out of ten households. Not to mention, women receive more college and graduate degrees than men. Women still coninue to bring in less than men. On average, women earn less than men in basically every profession that there is adequate income data for both women and men to es timate an earnings percentage (IWPR, 2014). The Institution for Women s PolicyRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women1337 Words   |  6 PagesMen and women. Even the name of the female gender is derived from the male species. For years, women have been discriminated against in an array of areas such as politics, at home, and in the workplace. The most debated area of gender discrimination is the wage gap between men and women. After reviewing the following facts, it is obvious women are essentially just as valuable as men, and therefore should be treated equally in the workplace. The pay gap between males and females has been a topic thatRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women1689 Words   |  7 Pagesthat bothered us, interested us, or something we wanted to learn more about. The first thing I thought of was equal pay between men and women. With the ratification of the 19th amendment, women became legally equal to men. Then in 1963, the Equal Pay Act was passed yet. Yet today, the wage gap between men and women still exists. According to the White House’s official website, women working full time are only earning around 77% of what their male coworkers are earning. This problem is even worse withRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women2628 Words   |  11 Pagesissue of the wage gap between men and women in the labor market is currently dealt with in the course of a number of scientific debates, is the subject of public discussion in the broad political and social bodies of the world and different countries have their proposed solutions. The re are also historical conditions of social and emotional ground that appointment and further determine the role models for women and men - now called traditional. The difference in pay between men and women is a trendRead MoreWage Gap Between Men And Women1270 Words   |  6 PagesNow seeing me as a women today being only looked at as the equivalent of a slave is ludicrous (Spiegel, pg. 16). According to Spiegel there are three different explanations of why there was a wage gap between men and women. The three explanations are the women are concentrated in jobs that require less education or skills than men, women might receive lower pay than me for identical work, or women might be doing different work than men, but work that is comparable in term of the training requiredRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Women And Men2336 Words   |  10 Pagesa look at the wage gap between women and men. It has always been known that men make more money than women. Many acts of legislation have been passed to address the disparities. But as time has progressed this topic is not one that grasps the attention of society. Society feels that there are other more important topics to focus on. The inequities amongst men and women pay has been in effect from the early 1800s and continues on in the new millennium despite, the gains women have made. AndRead MoreThe Wage Gap Between Men And Women1979 Words   |  8 Pagesprevent/discourage discrimination in the workplace. Section 2 The Congress hereby finds and declares the wage gap in America between men and women is a problem that needs to be addressed and remedied. Should people be paid the same amount and treated the same way as others like them with the same experience and skills? The obvious answer is yes, but a wage gap and an unequal treatment of women in the workplace persist in the United States. As John F. Kennedy believed, the Equal Pay Act he passed inRead MoreReducing The Wage Gap Between Men And Women1213 Words   |  5 Pagesthe gender wage gap. Firstly, this organization firmly believes that raising the minimum wage will positively affect the wage gap between men and women. Averages illustrate that differentiation s among men and women s job selections could be considered for virtually half of the gender pay gap. Increasing the minimum wage will benefit those dedicated women laborers by helping support their families. Two third of mothers are sole providers within their households and these sa me women are the onesRead MoreThe Gender Wage Gap Between Men And Women986 Words   |  4 PagesThe gender wage gap. This is an issue that has been kept largely quiet and does not get even half the attention it deserves. The wage gap is simply the deviation in salaries between men and women. This gap in pay is an issue that spans the globe, and effects many people, from struggling single mothers to hard working corporate women. In W.E. Jacob and Laura Finley’s article â€Å"Differences in Pay Rates Between Men and Women do not Prove the Existence of Gender Inequality† attempts to debunk the discriminatoryRead MoreThe Pay Gap Between The Wages Of Men And Women Essay978 Words   |  4 Pagespopular belief, the pay gap between the wages of men and women still exists. According to the Cambridge Business English Dictionary, the wage gap is â€Å"the difference between the ​amounts of ​money ​paid to women and men, often for doing the same ​wor k† (â€Å"gender pay gap†). The fact that we are still discussing it, especially during the current presidential campaign, proves that fact. The gap has decreased as time passes due to the relentless advocacy of feminists, but the wage gap does still exist. Considering

The Irony Of Differing Perspectives - 1749 Words

The Irony of Differing Perspectives Till 1827, the idea of sobriety was practically non-existent in North-America . Taverns were open at all times of day and were a place of encounter for everyone – regardless of class, race and gender. Moreover, they facilitated ‘political negotiations, economic exchanges and interracial sociability . So, where did the idea of reducing alcohol consumption come from amid the booming socio-economic stability that taverns seemed to provide? Except for Peter DeLottinville who recounts the honest events that occurred in Joe Beef’s Canteen, the other authors claim that the temperance movement was used for ulterior motives than it appeared to be on the surface. For instance, in Glenn J. Lockwood’s Temperance in†¦show more content†¦During the period of time that the temperance movement was gaining momentum, the Catholic church hopped on board to speed up the process and gain as many converts as they could using their up until then secret weapon: Chiniquy. However, the hidden intention/objective was to regain the Catholic church’s popularity and confidence after Catholics were becoming outnumbered by the influx of Irish famine immigrants and wanted to become ‘more industrious and progressive’ (cite). Unlike all of the previously mentioned authors, DeLottinville does not imply that Joe Beef tried his best to alleviate problems of housing, job hunting, healthcare and labor unrest with any kind of hidden agenda. Beef genuinely cared for the welfare of the working class of Montreal and took it upon himself to represent/assume the voice of the casual laborers . In this case, the Middle Class was the one benefiting from the temperance movement as they were afraid Beef would succeed and have laborers demands adhered to. In the same way that Beef’s canteen was a place where ‘every grade in the social scale was represented’ (CHANGE), many other taverns were also used for both political and economic interracial exchanges and relationships. In other words, whereas taverns were used as tools to strengthen a sense of belonging and security, and often attempted to prove the worthiness of the lower classes, temperance was

Research Article Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Critical Appraisal of Research Article. Answer: Introduction: Critical appraisal of research articles is an important process that is used to inform practice. This critical process is carried out with caution and in a systematic manner to determine the trustworthiness, relevance, and value of evidence in a particular context (Mhaskar et al., 2009). Hence, this paper aims to critically appraise an article, What is the clinical significance of chest CT when the chest x-ray result is normal in patients with blunt trauma? by Kea and others, published in 2013. Research Question What is the clinical significance of chest CT when the chest x-ray result is normal in patients with blunt trauma? Kea et al. (2013) aimed at determining the essence of computed tomography even after patients with blunt trauma had received normal chest x-ray results. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Study The article adapted a retrospective research design because it used retrospective data to develop and analysis (NEDARC, 2010). The challenge with retrospective data is that it may not reflect current protocols that are in alignment with current times; hence, introducing some bias. In this study, there was no intervention used though two groups for comparison purposes were identified; one underwent only a chest x-ray (CXR) procedure while the other one underwent both the CXR and CT. However, there is insufficient information given on the nature of the two groups in reference to characteristics and clinical outcomes. The study is not related to the topic of the research article because the title of the article depicts a study that determines to establish a causal link, but the methodology is not rigorous enough to establish this link (Salkind, 2010). The study setting is indicated, and it was conducted at two locations: California, San Francisco General Hospital and Community Regional Medical Center in Fresno that are urban, level 1 trauma centers. Even though the current study was not part of another study, it utilized a sample from a previous study aimed at developing a decision instrument for selective chest X-ray imaging in blunt trauma. Whereas this is one approach that can be used to obtain a sample size, using the exact sample size used in a previous studies is not recommended though variance, standard deviation, or statistical power from previous studies can be used to determine sample size in a current or future study. Therefore, the manner in which the sample size for the article being reviewed was obtained is not as per the recommendations (Suresh Chandrashekara, 2015). Therefore, it is difficult to determine whether the sample was sufficient or not. An articulate inclusion criteria is indicated, but a clear exclusion criteria is lacking; hence, the study might be prone to confounding factors if a patient has an ailment that might be associated with occurrence of minor injuries to the chest as indicated by Veronesi (2004). The sample section does not describe the use of two groups; hence, there is minimal information on the two groups mentioned later in the results section. The main exclusion criteria was unavailability of patient data, which is not sufficient considering that other factors might interfere with the results. The nature of the study participants, nonetheless, was suitable to the aim of the study that sought to determine the effect of CT; thereby, comparing a CT group with a CXR group is desirable. Radiologic outcomes were determined using official radiologic reports by board-certified radiologists. Such a measurement scale that has gained approval is deemed a valid and reliable tool though this information is not provided in this study. However, the instrument used to determine clinical significance of the CT was developed during the study, but there is no mention about its validity and reliability. Thereby, use of an outcome measure whose validity and reliability is not known jeopardizes the results. Apparently, two groups were recruited, but the study does not indicate the statistical difference in outcomes among the two groups. Rather, the results section explains the confirmations and missed diagnosis in the group that had both the CXR and CT. It is not clear how the two groups were selected and their comparability at the beginning of the study. In addition, the two groups are not of proportionate sizes, and there is no indication whether such non-uniformity has significant effects on comparability of the groups. There is no indication that an ethical approval was obtained and even though the researchers did not directly interact with participants, they accessed sensitive documents that should be handled with confidentiality and privacy should be upheld (Ethics approval of research, 2017). The results of this study are not generalizable because there is sampling bias, and the assignment of the two groups is not done in a scientific manner as indicated by Viera and Bangdiwala (2007). In addition, the fact that this study is retrospective in nature is associated with bias because the kind of treatment given to the different individuals varied. Hence, it is not apparent that all individuals in the different groups followed a similar protocol based on the procedure (s) carried out. It is not clear what the clinically important injuries that are detectable using the CT and not the CXR are and the net benefit they have as Korley, Pham, and Kirsch (2010) highlight. The results obtained from this study cannot inform policy because the reliability and validity of measures used are not known. Implications to Practice The key findings of the article under review are in alignment with findings from other studies in that computed tomography is linked with detection of more chest injuries than normal chest x-ray, but these injuries are minor such that they do not warrant improved management. This study stems from improved technology that has led to increased availability and rapidity of the CT scans but they have no clinical significance. This study is important to practice because it helps to determine the necessity of CT scans compared to the typical chest X-rays. Thereby, practitioners are able to know whether it makes a difference to replace the normal chest x-ray machines with the CT scan equipment. In view of the fact that there are no standard significant changes when performing x-rays, the instrument to determine these outcomes is not widely accepted. In view of the fact that computed tomography (CT) has a high sensitivity in radiology for blunt trauma, other investigators regard its use to b e of little significance to management of these injuries since CT is deemed a high risk factor of cancer. Hence, it is imperative to determine the net effect of CT to avoid the high costs that can emerge from its use. References Ethics approval of research. (2017). BMJ. Retrieved from https://www.bmj.com/about- bmj/resources-authors/forms-policies-and-checklists/ethics-approval-research. Kea, B., Gamarallage, R., Vairamuthu, H., Fortman, J., Lunney, K., Hendey, G. W., Rodriguez, R. M. (2013). What is the clinical significance of chest CT when the chest x-ray result is normal in patients with blunt trauma? American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 31, 1268-1273. Korley, F. K., Pham, J. C., Kirsch, T. D. (2010). Use of advanced radiology during visits to US emergency departments for injury-related conditions, 1998-2007. JAMA, 304, 146571. Mhaskar, R., Emmanuel, P., Mishra, S., Patel, S., Naik, E., Kumar, A. (2009). Critical appraisal skills are essential to informed decision-making. Indian Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 30(2), 112119. NEDARC. (2010). Retrospective study. Retrieved from https://www.nedarc.org/statisticalHelp/projectDesign/retrospectiveStudy.html. Salkind, N, J. (ed.). Encyclopedia of research design, volume 1. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Suresh, K., Chandrashekara, S. (2012). Sample size estimation and power analysis for clinical research studies. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences, 5(1), 713. Veronesi, J. F. (2004). Trauma nursing: Blunt chest injuries. Retrieved from https://www.modernmedicine.com/modern-medicine/content/trauma-nursing-blunt- chest-injuries. Viera, A. J., Bangdiwala, S. I. (2007). Eliminating bias in randomized controlled trials: Importance of allocation concealment and masking. Family Medicine, 39(2), 132-137.

Marriage Asylum Essays - Family, Marriage, Gender,

Marriage Asylum It is my belief that the institution of marriage is a sham, designed by pious Christain fanatics in order to subjugate, control, and furthermore oppress a woman's personal liberties, intellectual freedoms and artistic development. It is also my belief that much in the way of the institution of marriage has not changed since its barbaric origin hundreds of years ago. In light of the enormous rate of divorce, marriage should be banned or at least have greater restrictions placed on the eligibility of matrimonial covenants. Such restrictions would include, but not limited to, communication training, household budgeting classes and psychological counseling for a period of no less than one year. Such matrimonial courses would be designed to make the transition into marriage easier. If marriage has to continue, then let us concede intellectually that the institution of marriage is seriously flawed and deserves a second look at revising some long held principles. It is also my opinion that marriage deserves equal treatment and the same consideration as training for a future profession would. Is it not ironic, that people spend year's attending college or on vocational training in order to prepare themselves for a careers which, will in all likelihood change many times over their lives. I demand that people open their eyes and realize it is just as important to prepare for a successful marriage as it is a successful career. Today, marital classes are not a standard prerequisite to marriage except in a few Christian faith organizations such as Lutheran and Catholic. Something is seriously awry with the institute of marriage when large populations of adults are experiencing one, two even three or more marriages. In this paper, let us explore together whether the sanctity of marriage is actually worthy of being saved. Let us ask ourselves some rather poignant questions. Why it was necessary for the institute of marriage to be established in the first place? What are the b enefits of marriage and who benefits from them the most? Lastly, I will try and persuade you to believe the institution of marriage should be permanently dissolved or at least reconfigured. As long as chastity is held in high regard, marriage will always be considered a noble institution. What a damnable lie! It is supremely sexist to expect women, of 'exceptional breeding' to remain chaste. From the beginning of time women have been looked down upon as frailer, weaker and a less intelligent sex, which men controlled and subjugated. Because of the disproportionate number of white men, which dominates and governed our society, laws have been created to protect men and the non-interference of law into domestic issues. Men of importance and prestige instilled in our society sexist ideas and practices that chastise women and are unfair. Men have always been promiscuous species and it's widely known and still considered somewhat true of women today that have multiple sex partners are labeled sluts or whores, but men can have as many partners as he wants without being stigmatized by his many rendezvous. The idea of women remaining chaste until marriage is simply a hypocritica l double standard! The idea of marriage was thought up by Christain priests in the eleventh century that believed women should remain chaste. Before marriage became the great institution it is known for today, it had more informal beginnings. Before the eleventh century, it was no more that an informal agreement witnessed and performed by local church officials on the steps of the church. In the eleventh century, marriage was not devised for the sole purpose of procreation. It was instead intended to legitimize fornication within the confines of a marriage and forbidden outside the sacred covenant of the institution by the Church. It a popular and accurate belief at the time by Church officials that abstinence could protect society against lascivious behavior, promiscuity and the proliferation of illegitimate children within society. It was therefore the church and not society, which would set the standard for what was deemed normal behavior. In contrast, because society developed God considered a stan dard or measure for what normal and by the laws of nature, it could then be used to ostracize those who were deemed inappropriate by exhibiting aberrant